Motsogozedwa ndi cholinga cha kusalowerera ndale kwa kaboni, kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zamtsogolo kudzasinthiratu kukhala mphamvu yoyera.Mphamvu za dzuwa, monga mphamvu zoyera za tsiku ndi tsiku, zidzalandiranso chidwi chochulukirapo.Komabe, mphamvu ya mphamvu ya mphamvu ya dzuwa palokha siikhazikika, ndipo imagwirizana kwambiri ndi mphamvu ya kuwala kwa dzuwa ndi nyengo ya tsikulo, yomwe imafuna seti ya zipangizo zosungiramo mphamvu za photovoltaic kuti zithetse mphamvu.
Mtima wa Pakhomo la Photovoltaic System
Nyumba yosungirako mphamvu ya photovoltaic nthawi zambiri imayikidwa pamodzi ndi makina a photovoltaic kunyumba kuti apereke magetsi kwa ogwiritsa ntchito kunyumba.Dongosolo losungiramo mphamvu litha kupititsa patsogolo kuchuluka kwa kudzigwiritsa ntchito kwa ma photovoltais apanyumba, kuchepetsa ndalama zamagetsi a wogwiritsa ntchito, ndikuwonetsetsa kukhazikika kwakugwiritsa ntchito magetsi kwa wogwiritsa ntchito panyengo yanyengo.Kwa ogwiritsa ntchito m'madera omwe ali ndi magetsi okwera mtengo, kusiyana kwa mitengo yamtengo wapatali, kapena ma gridi akale, ndizovuta kwambiri kugula njira zosungiramo nyumba, ndipo ogwiritsa ntchito pakhomo amakhala ndi chilimbikitso chogula makina osungiramo nyumba.
Pakalipano, mphamvu zambiri za dzuwa zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ku China zimangogwiritsidwa ntchito pazitsulo zamadzi.Makanema adzuwa omwe amatha kupereka magetsi m'nyumba yonse akadali akhanda, ndipo ogwiritsa ntchito kwambiri akadali kutsidya lanyanja, makamaka ku Europe ndi United States.
Chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa mizinda m'maiko aku Europe ndi America, ndipo nyumbayo nthawi zambiri imayendetsedwa ndi nyumba zodziyimira pawokha kapena zodziyimira pawokha, ndizoyenera kukulitsa ma photovoltaics apanyumba.Malinga ndi ziwerengero, mu 2021, mphamvu yoyika ya photovoltaic ya EU pa munthu aliyense idzakhala 355.3 watts panyumba, chiwonjezeko cha 40% poyerekeza ndi 2019.
Pankhani ya mlingo malowedwe, ndi anaika mphamvu ya photovoltaics banja mu Australia, United States, Germany ndi Japan nkhani 66.5%, 25.3%, 34.4% ndi 29.5% ya okwana anaika photovoltaic mphamvu motero, pamene chiwerengero cha anaika photovoltaic mphamvu. m'mabanja ku China ndi 4% yokha.Kumanzere ndi kumanja, ndi malo abwino opangira chitukuko.
Pakatikati pa nyumba ya photovoltaic system ndi zipangizo zosungiramo mphamvu, zomwenso ndi gawo la mtengo waukulu kwambiri.Pakali pano, mtengo wa mabatire a lithiamu ku China ndi pafupifupi 130 US dollars/kWh.Kutenga banja la ana anayi ku Sydney omwe makolo awo akugwira ntchito monga chitsanzo, poganiza kuti mphamvu ya tsiku ndi tsiku ya banja ndi 22kWh, makina osungiramo mphamvu a nyumba ndi 7kW photovoltaic components kuphatikizapo 13.3kWh mphamvu yosungirako mphamvu.Izi zikutanthawuzanso kuti mabatire okwanira osungira mphamvu a photovoltaic system adzawononga $ 1,729.
Koma m'zaka zingapo zapitazi, mtengo wa zida zoyendera dzuwa watsika pafupifupi 30% mpaka 50%, pomwe magwiridwe antchito adakwera pafupifupi 10% mpaka 20%.Izi zikuyembekezeka kufulumizitsa chitukuko chofulumira cha kusungirako mphamvu za photovoltaic zapakhomo.
Chiyembekezo chowala cha nyumba yosungirako mphamvu ya photovoltaic
Kuphatikiza pa mabatire osungira mphamvu, zida zotsalazo ndi ma photovoltaics ndi ma inverters osungira mphamvu, ndipo makina osungira mphamvu kunyumba amatha kugawidwa m'magulu osungiramo mphamvu yamagetsi amtundu wa hybrid kunyumba komanso kuphatikiza makina osungira mphamvu a photovoltaic kunyumba molingana ndi njira zosiyanasiyana zolumikizirana komanso ngati atero. zimagwirizana ndi gridi.system, off-grid home photovoltaic energy storage system, ndi photovoltaic energy storage system management management.
Makina osungiramo magetsi amtundu wa Hybrid photovoltaic magetsi nthawi zambiri amakhala oyenera mabanja atsopano a photovoltaic, omwe amatha kutsimikizira kufunika kwa magetsi pakatha magetsi.Pakalipano ndizomwe zikuchitika, koma sizoyenera kukweza mabanja omwe alipo a photovoltaic.Mtundu wophatikizana ndi woyenera kwa mabanja omwe alipo kale a photovoltaic, kusintha mawonekedwe a photovoltaic omwe alipo kale a gridi kukhala njira yosungiramo mphamvu, ndalama zolowera ndizochepa, koma kuyendetsa bwino kumakhala kochepa;mtundu wa off-grid ndi woyenera kumadera opanda ma gridi, ndipo nthawi zambiri amafunika kukhala ndi mawonekedwe opangira ma dizilo.
Poyerekeza ndi mabatire osungira mphamvu, ma inverters ndi photovoltaic modules amawerengera pafupifupi theka la mtengo wonse wa mabatire.Kuphatikiza apo, zinthu zosungiramo mphamvu zapakhomo ziyenera kukhazikitsidwa ndi oyika, ndipo mtengo wake ndi 12% -30%.
Ngakhale okwera mtengo, makina ambiri osungira mabatire amalolanso kuwongolera mwanzeru kwa magetsi mkati ndi kunja, osati kungogulitsa mphamvu zochulukirapo kumagetsi, koma zina zimakometsedwa kuti ziphatikizidwe m'malo opangira magetsi amagetsi.Panthawi yomwe magalimoto amagetsi akukhala otchuka kwambiri, mwayi umenewu udzathandizanso ogwiritsa ntchito kusunga ndalama zambiri.
Panthawi imodzimodziyo, kudalira kwambiri mphamvu zakunja kungayambitse vuto la mphamvu, makamaka m'masiku ano ovuta padziko lonse.Kutengera mawonekedwe amphamvu a ku Europe monga chitsanzo, gasi wachilengedwe amakhala pafupifupi 25%, ndipo mpweya wachilengedwe waku Europe umadalira kwambiri zogulitsa kunja, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale kufunikira kwamphamvu kwamphamvu ku Europe.
Germany yapititsa patsogolo cholinga cha 100% yopangira mphamvu zowonjezera mphamvu kuchokera ku 2050 mpaka 2035, kukwaniritsa 80% ya mphamvu kuchokera ku mphamvu zowonjezera mphamvu.Bungwe la European Commission lapereka ndondomeko ya REPowerEU yowonjezera zolinga za EU zowonjezera mphamvu zowonjezera ku 2030, zomwe zidzawonjezera 17TWh ya magetsi m'chaka choyamba cha dongosolo la photovoltaic la banja, ndikupanga 42TWh ya magetsi owonjezera ndi 2025. Nyumba zonse zapagulu zili ndi photovoltaics, ndipo amafuna Nyumba zonse zatsopano zimayikidwa ndi denga la photovoltaic, ndipo ndondomeko yovomerezeka imayendetsedwa mkati mwa miyezi itatu.
Kuwerengetsera anaika mphamvu ya anagawira photovoltaics zochokera chiwerengero cha mabanja, ganizirani mlingo malowedwe nyumba yosungirako mphamvu kupeza chiwerengero cha anaika nyumba yosungirako mphamvu, ndi kuganiza pafupifupi anaika mphamvu pa nyumba kupeza anaika mphamvu ya nyumba yosungirako mphamvu mu padziko lapansi komanso m'misika yosiyanasiyana.
Kungoganiza kuti mu 2025, kuchuluka kwa malo osungiramo mphamvu pamsika watsopano wa photovoltaic ndi 20%, kuchuluka kwa malo osungiramo mphamvu pamsika wamasheya ndi 5%, ndipo malo osungira mphamvu zapakhomo padziko lonse lapansi amafika 70GWh, msika ndi waukulu. .
mwachidule
Pamene gawo la mphamvu zamagetsi zoyera m'moyo watsiku ndi tsiku limakhala lofunika kwambiri, photovoltaics yalowa pang'onopang'ono m'nyumba zambiri.Dongosolo losungiramo magetsi la photovoltaic kunyumba silingangokwaniritsa zofunikira zamagetsi zapanyumba tsiku lililonse, komanso kugulitsa magetsi ochulukirapo ku gridi kuti apeze ndalama.Ndi kuchuluka kwa zida zamagetsi, dongosololi litha kukhala chinthu chofunikira m'mabanja amtsogolo.
Nthawi yotumiza: Aug-30-2023